What’s new in medical literature
What's new in the medical literature?
Updated 22 August 2025
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Intermediate-term oncologic outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic rectal cancer resection
Although robotic rectal cancer surgery is gaining in popularity, whether it has the same outcomes as conventional laparoscopic surgery has been unclear. In this study, 1171 patients with middle or low rectal adenocarcinoma without distant metastasis were randomized to undergo robotic or conventional laparoscopic rectal cancer resection. At three years, the locoregional recurrence rate was lower among patients undergoing robotic surgery (2 versus 4 percent). Patients undergoing robotic rectal cancer surgery also had a higher disease-free survival rate and a similar overall survival rate compared with patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery [6]. Patients who had robotic surgery also reported better post-surgical urinary, defecatory, and sexual function. If these results are confirmed in other trials, robotic surgery may become the preferred minimally invasive technique for rectal cancer resection. (See "Radical resection of rectal cancer", section on 'Robotic versus laparoscopic'.)
Joint international consensus statement for standardized CT pulmonary angiography reporting
Several international societies have jointly issued a consensus statement on standardized reporting for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) using computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) [4]. The statement highlights the importance of reporting PE location (central to subsegmental), indicators of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (eg, increased RV/left ventricular [LV] ratio), and predictors of chronic PE syndromes (eg, organized mural thrombi suggesting chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension). We support these recommendations. Their implementation should help clinicians by providing key diagnostic and prognostic information to guide management decisions. (See "Clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation of the nonpregnant adult with suspected acute pulmonary embolism", section on 'CTA report components'.)
Lack of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis on initial evaluation in infectious encephalitis
An increased white blood cell (WBC) count in the cerebrospinal fluid is a characteristic feature and essential diagnostic test of viral encephalitis. However, patients may lack inflammatory findings in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at initial evaluation. In a retrospective study that included 247 patients with an infectious cause of encephalitis, 19 percent lacked CSF pleocytosis (CSF WBC ≥5/microL) on the initial lumbar puncture, including 24 percent of 76 patients with confirmed HSV-1 encephalitis [11]. Of those without pleocytosis, 43 percent also lacked elevated CSF protein (>50 mg/dL). These findings support our approach to maintain suspicion for viral encephalitis in patients with compatible clinical findings despite initial CSF parameters. (See "Viral encephalitis in adults", section on 'Cerebrospinal fluid findings'.)
Left atrial appendage occlusion and catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), catheter ablation (CA) reduces the frequency of AF but does not prevent stroke caused by thromboembolism, so patients undergoing CA generally require continued long-term anticoagulation. The efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) as an alternative to long-term anticoagulation was evaluated in a trial in 1600 patients with AF undergoing CA who were randomly assigned to LAAO (followed by three months of oral anticoagulation plus aspirin then nine months of aspirin monotherapy) or long-term oral anticoagulation [1]. At 36 months, the risk of stroke or systemic embolism was similar in the two groups; non-procedure-related major bleeding or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding occurred in fewer patients in the LAAO group (8.5 versus 18.1 percent). Complications related to LAAO occurred in 2.9 percent. For patients with AF with an indication for anticoagulation but who have a contraindication to long-term anticoagulation, we suggest a percutaneous LAAO procedure. (See "Atrial fibrillation: Left atrial appendage occlusion", section on 'With indication for anticoagulation for AF plus a contraindication for anticoagulation'.)
New guidelines for congenital TTP
Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is caused by biallelic germline pathogenic variants in the ADAMTS13 gene. This is a very rare but potentially fatal condition, with high risk of life-threatening presentations during the neonatal period and during pregnancy. Presentations include severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (unconjugated/indirect bilirubin), cryptogenic stroke, and transient focal neurologic symptoms. The main treatment has been plasma infusion. Recently, a new recombinant ADAMTS13 product has become available. New guidelines from an international panel of experts discuss approaches to treatment of acute episodes and prophylaxis, especially during pregnancy, that incorporate the new recombinant product [40]. UpToDate recommendations are consistent with these guidelines. (See "Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP)", section on 'Indications for treatment and choice of therapy'.)
Role of discontinuing oxytocin in the active phase of labor
Oxytocin is the most common method of induction of labor (IOL), but there is no consensus on whether it should be continued or discontinued once a desirable labor pattern has been achieved. In an effort to synthesize the data, a meta-analysis of 15 randomized trials including pregnant patients undergoing induction or augmentation of labor, discontinuation versus continuation of oxytocin in the active phase was associated with a lower risk of cesarean birth in the IOL group (relative risk 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.93) [13]. However, several important subgroup analyses (eg, blinded trials, trials that defined active labor as 6 cm of cervical dilation) did not support this conclusion, and neonatal outcomes were similar between groups. Thus, we counsel patients that either discontinuation or continuation is reasonable, as long as labor is progressing and the fetal heart tracing is reassuring. (See "Induction of labor with oxytocin", section on 'Should oxytocin be discontinued in the active phase?'.)
Scope of underlying illnesses and mortality in disseminated intravascular coagulation
In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), an underlying systemic disorder causes abnormal (and often massive) activation of clotting and fibrinolysis, leading to increased risks of bleeding and thrombosis. A new meta-analysis of 119 studies reported on the scope of DIC in the modern era [33]. The most common causes were infection (typically sepsis), trauma, and cancer. The presence of DIC increased the odds of dying from sepsis by approximately three-fold and from trauma by almost fivefold. Regression analysis suggested that while the risk of death from sepsis with DIC has been declining, the overall risk of death from DIC has not declined, and for some underlying causes (trauma, heatstroke) it has increased, likely reflecting the severity of tissue injury and inflammation in these conditions. (See "Evaluation and management of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in adults", section on 'Recovery and prognosis'.)
SGLT2 inhibitor use after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is a component of evidence-based therapy for a number of conditions (including heart failure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease) that occur commonly in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy in this setting was evaluated by a multicenter open-label trial that randomly assigned over 1200 patients to treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin plus standard care or standard care only [25]. The dapagliflozin group had lower rates of worsening heart failure but higher rates of genital infection. Of note, all, or nearly all, of the trial participants had one or more conditions with an established indication for SGLT2 inhibitor therapy, so these findings do not establish a new indication for SGLT2 inhibition. (See "Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for aortic stenosis: Periprocedural and postprocedural management".)
Transcatheter repair for tricuspid regurgitation
For patients with symptomatic severe primary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) despite medical management, options for intervention include transcatheter tricuspid valve (TV) repair, transcatheter TV replacement, or TV surgery (repair or replacement). In a trial of nearly 600 patients with symptomatic severe TR randomly assigned to tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) plus medical therapy or medical therapy alone, annualized rates of heart failure hospitalization at two years were lower with TEER, but mortality rates were similar in the two treatment groups [24]. Further study is needed to compare TV interventions for symptomatic severe TR. (See "Tricuspid regurgitation: Management and prognosis", section on 'Transcatheter TV repair'.)
Updated guidelines on treatment of acute complicated urinary tract infection
The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recently released updated guidelines on the management of acute complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) [5]. These guidelines advocate for empiric regimen selection based on four factors: severity of illness, individual risk factors for resistance, other patient-specific considerations (eg, allergies or intolerances), and, for patients with sepsis, community rates of resistance. They also suggest a total duration of therapy of five to seven days (depending on the antibiotic used). Our approach is largely consistent with these guidelines (table 1). (See "Acute complicated urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis) in adults", section on 'Empiric antimicrobial therapy'.)
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Clotting factor concentrates for preventing bleeding and bleeding‐related complications in previously untreated or minimally treated children with hemophilia A or B Cochrane library 21 August 2025
There is evidence from randomized controlled trials that prophylaxis confers some protection against joint bleeds and overall bleeds. More conclusive evidence from well‐designed studies is needed on the effect of bleed prevention using clotting factors and newer therapies on joint function protection in children with no signs of an onset of joint damage.
Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities Cochrane library 20 August 2025
Multifactorial interventions implemented with facility staff engagement and tailored intervention delivery according to individual residents' circumstances probably reduce the rate of falls and risk of falling and may be cost‐effective. Regarding single interventions, exercise probably reduces the rate of falls and the risk of falling, but if exercise is not sustained it has no ongoing effect on the rate of falls and probably no effect on the risk of falling.
Ketamine and other NMDA receptor antagonists for chronic pain Cochrane library 18 August 2025
Limited low‐ to very low‐certainty evidence limits conclusions about the effects of ketamine, memantine, dextromethorphan, amantadine, and magnesium on pain intensity. Intravenous ketamine may increase the risk of adverse events, but the harms of ketamine and other NMDA receptor antagonists are generally unclear. Adequately powered RCTs are needed to determine the benefits and harms of ketamine and other NMDA receptor antagonists for chronic pain.
Linked color imaging versus conventional white‐light colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal polyps Cochrane library 19 August 2025
We found high‐certainty evidence that linked color imaging (LCI) slightly increases ADR and moderate‐certainty evidence that LCI likely results in little to no difference in the proportion of adverse events requiring medical treatment; data on the proportion of participants with preventing post‐colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) are unavailable. We also found high‐certainty evidence that LCI slightly improves polyp detection rate and moderate‐certainty evidence that LCI likely increases sessile serrated lesion detection rate and the number of adenomas and polyps per participant. Further studies should focus on measuring clinically significant outcomes, such as the proportion of participants with PCCRC.
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Federal health workforce policy in Australia and its implications: a descriptive policy document review MJA 17 August 2025
The known: Health workforce policies are critical for reducing workforce shortages and ensuring equitable access to care in Australia, but the federal policy landscape is poorly understood.
The new: Important gaps and inconsistencies in policy focus in 121 current federal policy documents related to the health workforce include limited attention to allied health and pharmacy, reliance on short term solutions, and inconsistent policy labelling.
The implications: A unified health workforce strategy and standardised policy categories are essential for improving the coordination and equity of health workforce planning, required for the long term resilience of the Australian health system.
Opioids and the challenges of managing chronic non-cancer pain in rural Australia: a qualitative study MJA 19 August 2025
The known: Opioids are more frequently prescribed for people with chronic non-cancer pain in regional and rural Australia than in urban areas. Prescription monitoring and education interventions for reducing opioid prescribing have been less effective in rural than in urban areas.
The new: General practitioners in country areas are familiar with chronic pain management guidelines, but systemic problems (time limitations, Medicare priorities) and limited access to alternative pain management options nevertheless influence favour opioid prescribing.
The implications: Targeted strategies are needed to enhance patient care, reduce inappropriate opioid prescribing, prevent avoidable deaths, and alleviate chronic pain in rural Australia.
Socio-economic position and the prevalence of ten chronic diseases in Australia, 2021: a whole of population census data analysis MJA 19 August 2025
The known: Socio-economic position is a major risk factor for chronic disease.
The new: The magnitude and consistency of the influence of socio-economic position on disease prevalence varies by disease, measure of socio-economic position, age, and sex. The Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD) and income level more effectively predict risk than occupational grade or education level. The influence of socio-economic position is less marked for people over 80 years of age and is often stronger for women than men.
The implications: Knowing whose health is most affected by socio-economic disadvantage is integral to developing effective, targeted health policies and interventions.
Values in health and health care for Indigenous people globally: an umbrella review MJA 19 August 2025
This umbrella review highlights the importance of culture, Indigenous sovereignty and self-determination in health and accessing health care. It also reveals the importance of cultural safety and responsiveness in the delivery of health care services. The findings will be used to inform a conceptual framework of values in health and health care to develop a community-reported outcome measure. This framework will guide genuine and meaningful engagement with Indigenous communities to co-design and deliver health care that is effective, responsive and culturally safe.
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Balancing practicality with care in smoking cessation for patients with cancer MJA insight 18 August 2025
Until smoking cessation is incorporated in routine cancer care, the authors propose the minimum standard of care should include the following:
- smoking status recorded accurately in the electronic medical record at patient entry; and
- a programmable automatic referral to smoking cessation support included in discharge summaries for patients identified as current smokers.
Delivering spirometry testing where it’s needed most MJA insight 18 August 2025
Spirometry testing is necessary for an accurate diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is a cornerstone of optimised COPD management. A new report from the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (the Commission) highlights that the people who need it most are missing out.
Paramedics are less likely to identify a stroke in women than men. Closing this gap could save lives – and money MJA insight 18 August 2025
A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, either because of a blockage (called an ischaemic stroke) or bleeding (a haemorrhagic stroke). Around 83% of strokes are ischaemic. The main emergency treatment for ischaemic strokes is a “clot-busting” process called intravenous thrombolysis. But this only works if administered quickly – ideally within an hour of arriving to hospital, and no later than 4.5 hours after symptoms begin. The faster treatment is given, the better the person’s chance of survival and recovery. However, not everyone gets an equal chance of receiving this treatment quickly. Notably, research has shown ambulance staff are significantly less likely to correctly identify a stroke in women compared to men.
Patient survey highlights the value of long-term GP care MJA insight 18 August 2025
Patients with chronic conditions have better health outcomes with long term GP care from a GP who knows them, a new survey shows. The value of continuity of care for Australian patients with chronic conditions and long term relationships with their general practitioner was highlighted in the results of the first ever Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys report (PaRIS).
Queer youth at risk of losing mental health support access in social media ban MJA insight 18 August 2025
Young LGBTQ+ Australians look to social media for mental health support and a sense of community. The social media ban risks exacerbating existing mental health inequity.
Young Australians need nuanced solutions to social media harms MJA insight 18 August 2025
The relationship between social media and mental health is complicated. Minimising the harms of social media in children and adolescents will require a multifaceted approach.
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ADHD drug treatment and risk of suicidal behaviours, substance misuse, accidental injuries, transport accidents, and criminality: emulation of target trials BMJ 13 August 2025
Drug treatment for ADHD was associated with beneficial effects in reducing the risks of suicidal behaviours, substance misuse, transport accidents, and criminality but not accidental injuries when considering first event rate. The risk reductions were more pronounced for recurrent events, with reduced rates for all five outcomes. This target trial emulation study using national register data provides evidence that is representative of patients in routine clinical settings.
Cardiovascular, kidney related, and weight loss effects of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes: a living clinical practice guideline BMJ 14 August 2025
Emerging clinical trials of novel medications have demonstrated benefits on cardiovascular, kidney, and weight related outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes. Dynamically updated practice guidelines adhering to standards of trustworthiness are necessary in response to a rapidly evolving evidence base and the availability of multiple medication alternatives. This living practice guideline incorporates the latest available medications and evidence and provides recommendations stratified by risks of cardiovascular and kidney complications to inform diabetes management.
Effect of lateral versus supine positioning on hypoxaemia in sedated adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial BMJ 19 August 2025
Placing sedated adults in the lateral position significantly reduces the incidence and severity of hypoxaemia and decreases the need for airway rescue interventions without compromising safety. Given its simplicity and low cost, lateral positioning could offer advantages in remote or resource constrained clinical settings. Further replication studies targeting patients with advanced age and high body mass index are needed to improve the generalisability of the findings.
Effectiveness of screening and ultra-brief intervention for hazardous drinking in primary care: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial BMJ 12 August 2025
To evaluate the effectiveness of a doctor delivered screening and ultra-brief intervention (<1 minute) compared with simplified assessment only for reducing alcohol intake among patients with hazardous drinking in primary care.
Efficacy and safety of anrikefon in patients with pruritus undergoing haemodialysis: multicentre, double blind, randomised placebo controlled phase 3 trial BMJ 19 August 2025
In patients with moderate to severe pruritus undergoing haemodialysis, anrikefon was found to be safe and resulted in a noticeable reduction in itch intensity and an improvement in itch related quality of life.
Is Australia’s vape ban working? BMJ 12 August 2025
A year after Australia severely restricted the sale of e-cigarettes, vaping seems to be declining among adolescents. But enforcement of the ban is proving challenging.
Medications for adults with type 2 diabetes: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis BMJ 14 August 2025
This living systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the cardiovascular, kidney, and weight loss benefits, as well as medication-specific harms of medications for adults with type 2 diabetes, including effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1RAs, finerenone and tirzepatide.
Why scientists are rethinking the immune effects of SARS-CoV-2 BMJ 19 August 2025
“Immunity debt,” a theory to explain the global surge in non-covid infections since pandemic restrictions were lifted, is increasingly being challenged by emerging evidence.
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Atrial Fibrillation in Stable Coronary Artery Disease:A post hoc analysis of the AFIRE randomized clinical trial JAMA 13 August 2025
Results reveal that rivaroxaban monotherapy yielded a consistent net clinical benefit across all age groups, especially in older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
Minimal vs specialized exercise equipment for Pulmonary rehabilitation: A randomized clinical trial JAMA 12 August 2025
This randomized clinical trial found that Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR)-min demonstrated noninferiority to PR-gym for exercise capacity, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life. PR-min can expand the number of settings where PR can be provided, thus improving patient accessibility.
Ocular adverse events with Semaglutide: A systematic review and meta-analysis JAMA 14 August 2025
These findings suggest that semaglutide was not associated with an increased risk of eye disorders or diabetic retinopathy. Despite the fact that an association between semaglutide treatment and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was found, current evidence remains insufficient to establish definitive conclusions regarding its association with NAION. Further studies with larger sample sizes and adequate evaluation of NAION are warranted to clarify this potential risk.
Prices and affordability of essential medicines in 72 low-, middle-, and high-income markets JAMA 15 August 2025
The results of this cross-sectional analysis showed significant variation in the prices and affordability of 549 essential medicines across 72 markets in 2022. Strategies to promote equitable drug prices and improve drug affordability are urgently needed.
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Educational strategies for clinical supervision of Artificial Intelligence use NEJM 20 August 2025
- Use of artificial intelligence (AI) for the development of expert practice presents unprecedented opportunities but also poses risks, such as “deskilling,” “never-skilling,” and “mis-skilling.”
- Clinical supervisors may be less experienced with AI than learners are. Faculty development should embrace shared learning environments that allow coexploration of AI capabilities and limitations.
- Adaptive practice — shifting between efficiency and innovation — is foundational in AI-enabled learning. Critical thinking supports this shift and must be taught and modeled.
- AI interactions lead to moments when clinicians receive outputs they cannot fully retrace, which prompts a leap of faith. Pausing to recognize these moments is essential for critical thinking.
- DEFT-AI (diagnosis, evidence, feedback, teaching, and recommendation for AI use) is a structured framework to promote critical thinking and AI literacy during learner–AI interactions.
- Two AI use behaviors emerge: cyborg (tight intertwining of user and AI for each task) and centaur (division of tasks between user and AI, with critical oversight). Adaptive AI practice requires the ability to shift between these behaviors according to the complexity of the task and the risk involved.
Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease NEJM 13 August 2025
- Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a multisystem disease that has become a public-health problem worldwide.
- Metabolic dysfunction is key to the pathogenesis and consequences of MASLD.
- The clinical burden of MASLD consists mainly of liver-related disease and death and high rates of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain extrahepatic cancers, especially extrahepatic gastrointestinal cancers.
- There is a pressing need for drugs to treat MASLD and its more severe form, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH).
- In March 2024, resmetirom, a liver-directed, thyroid hormone receptor beta–selective agonist, was the first drug conditionally approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating adults with noncirrhotic MASH and moderate-to-advanced fibrosis.
- Incretin-based drugs (especially semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg per week) and other metabolism-based pharmacotherapies are showing promise as therapeutic options not only for steatotic liver disease but also for cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic complications that are strongly related to MASLD.
Risdiplam in presymptomatic Spinal Muscular Atrophy NEJM 13 August 2025
Infants up to 6 weeks of age with genetically diagnosed SMA who were treated with risdiplam before the development of clinical signs or symptoms appeared to have better functional and survival outcomes at 12 and 24 months than untreated infants in natural history studies. Larger, controlled studies with longer follow-up are needed to further understand the relative efficacy and safety of presymptomatic treatment of SMA with risdiplam.
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Association between total oxytocin dose and maternal and neonatal morbidity during labour induction: a retrospective study BMC pregnancy and childbirth 15 August 2025
This study alerts to potential morbidity at oxytocin cumulative doses of 5 IU or greater, and so more likely at 10 IU, administered during induction of labour. Obstetric considerations and decisions should be guided by the co-factors of morbidity, in particular parity and need for cervical ripening.
Cerebrovascular diseases in ADHD patients with metabolic comorbidities: a retrospective cohort study BMC psychiatry 20 August 2025
ADHD in adults, particularly those over 45 years of age and those with metabolic comorbidities, is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Determinants of nonattendance in a Urology outpatient clinic: A 5-year retrospective study in a tertiary metropolitan hospital ANZ journal of surgery 14 August 2025
Indigenous status, younger age, and follow-up appointment type were significant predictors of nonattendance. Offering follow-up appointments via telehealth may improve attendance. Addressing these disparities is vital for reducing healthcare inequalities and improving health outcomes for Indigenous peoples.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters, anthropometric measures, and diabetes risk in patients with prediabetes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials Nutrition & metabolism 14 August 2025
The findings of this umbrella review suggested that vitamin D supplementation could help to improve some glycemic indices and serum triglyceride (TG) levels. However, due to discrepancies among the results, more well-designed RCTs are warranted to confirm and clarify the impacts of vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic patients.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on working conditions of maternity staff – a scoping review BMC pregnancy and childbirth 14 August 2025
The findings emphasize the need for improved support systems for maternity care staff during pandemics to mitigate these adverse effects. Recommendations include better resource allocation, enhanced mental health support, and clear communication strategies to navigate future healthcare crises effectively. These results may inform pandemic preparedness for future health crises.
Multidisciplinary clinical quality indicators for head and neck cancer: A modified Delphi study in Australia ANZ journal of surgery 15 August 2025
Monitoring delivery of cancer care is critical to improve outcomes in increasingly resource-constrained settings. The aim of this study was to develop a priority set of multidisciplinary quality indicators (QIs) for benchmarking and monitoring the quality of care for head and neck cancer (HNC) in Australia.
Pulmonary protective and anti-inflammatory effects of dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a systematic review and meta analysis BMC Anesthesiology 20 August 2025
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has pulmonary protective and anti-inflammatory effects in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Red Cell Transfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction: AABB International clinical practice guidelines Annals of internal medicine 19 August 2025
For hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the international panel suggests red blood cell (RBC) transfusion when the Hb is less than 10 g/dL (conditional recommendation, low-certainty evidence).
Safe spaces as an alternative to the emergency department for suicidal distress: exploring guests’ experiences BMC health services research 18 August 2025
Findings suggest safe spaces effectively reduce distress and are a preferred alternative to EDs. This highlights their potential as a community-based, non-clinical option for individuals in suicidal crisis.
Urine Cell-Free RNA vs Plasma Cell-Free RNA for monitoring of Kidney injury and immune complications Clinical chemistry 12 August 2025
This study reveals the distinct origin and diagnostic utility of plasma and urine cfRNA and suggests urine cfRNA is a promising analyte to monitor kidney injury, especially in the context of AKI following ICI treatment.
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